Marketing and Godiva - 1837 Words

There is more to life than money There is more to life than fame and There is more to life with Godiva’s chocolate Godiva Background Godiva Chocolatier, a Belgium chocolate manufacturer famous for its premium quality handcrafted chocolates, was founded in 1926 in Brussels by the master chocolatier Joseph Draps and it was purchased by the Campbell Soup Company which faciliatates the activities of brand aroun the World. In 2001 Godiva was purchased by the Turkish YÄ ±ldÄ ±z Holding, owner of the ÃÅ"lker Group. and on Februrary 1st 2013 the former owner of Godiva Chocolatier Yildiz Holding sold†¦show more content†¦The aim of all these is showig the consumer how Godiva give importance them in term of their need and wants or feeling special pleasure. Focus: Douglas Conant who is the chief executive officer of Campell Soup, the former owner of Godiva said: Although the premium chocolate category is experiencing strong growth and Godiva is well positioned for the future, the premium chocolate business does not fit in with Campbells strategic focus†( (Miller, Aug., 2007) and Ulker is the leading foods and beverages group of YÄ ±ldÄ ±z Holding and Ulker is really competitive especially in the chocolate sector. The company aimed its leadership in chocolate in Turkey to the world. So they could really focused on chocoloate, new innovations and entering into new markets like China, Dubai. Management orientation: Godiva responds to global marketing opportunities according to their World view on management. In other words, Godiva has geocentric orientation with pursuing marketing opportunities all around the Worll with both extension and adaptation strategies. For example in China capturing its shares of China market, Godiva has introduced several product lines to Chinese cultures and customs such as dragon-themed chocolates for the 2012 Chinese New Year. (Segarra, Sept., 2012 ) At the same time there are similarities in the areas of product design andShow MoreRelatedMarketing and Godiva1212 Words   |  5 Pagesservice. This promotion can attract more customers to buy more to eliminate the shipping cost. This is one of the solutions to increase their sales revenue. 3. What are the compelling business reasons for Godiva to set up the website? There are few compelling business reasons for Godiva to set up the website. Firstly it’s because of the professional image. A proper and informative website can show their image as professional to the public. A well-designed website can attract more visitorsRead MoreGodiva Marketing Assignment9205 Words   |  37 PagesExecutive Summary Godiva chocolate has been a paramount in its field of expertise, chocolate. It has an annual sale of $500 million. Offering a very interactive and personal customer service, where customers could feel the staff’s sincerity. Our clients are chocolate lovers who love to indulge in the rich and delicious world of chocolate. Godiva chocolate offers a variety of chocolate which includes truffles, pralines, ganaches, nuts, fruit liquor, caramel, white chocolate, dark chocolateRead MoreKey Components Of Marketing Plan For Godiva Gems923 Words   |  4 PagesNAME: ELVIS BITOK KEY COMPONENTS OF MARKETING PLAN FOR GODIVA GEMS INTRODUCTION Marketing plan is key component of attaining companies’ objectives. The study seeks to examine the key components of marketing plan for Godiva Gems. LITERATURE REVIEW Segmentation It is the division of a market into homogeneous groups of consumers, each expected to respond to a different marketing mix (Dictionary of Business). Segmentation bases on: (1) Geographic segmentation: divides customers into segments based onRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On The Media977 Words   |  4 PagesGodiva currently utilizes social media in the footer of each webpage; among the social media icons present are Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, Google+, and YouTube. Additionally, social media sharing and engagement icons are present on each product view. Users are able to â€Å"Like† an item on Facebook, tweet it on Twitter, pin it on Pinterest, or click on the G+ Share link. Website visitors that are already logged into any of these accounts on their computers will not have to log into socialRead MoreUsing The Portrayal Of Sex, Pathos, Logos, And Logos923 Words   |  4 Pagesadvertisement that can be applied here is for Godiva chocolate. This ad contain s a model showing the chocolate in her hand, along with the word ‘GODIVA’ written largely, and some smaller words around it. Digging a little deeper, it’s not just any model, but a very attractive one. She is dressed in what looks to be sleepwear, and a cardigan draping off her shoulders. Not only that, her makeup is very dark around the eyes, making them look more sultry and seductive. The Godiva campaign uses sex appeal to sell theirRead MoreGodiva Analysis2309 Words   |  10 PagesGODIVA DESCRIPTIVE REPORT This document is based on sector studies, special reports or other publications and resources prepared by e-Business W@tch. The European Commission, Enterprise Industry Directorate General, launched e-Business W@tch in late 2001 to monitor the growing maturity of electronic business across different sectors of the economy in the enlarged European Union, EEA and Accession countries. All publications are available in full length on the internet at the e-Business Read MoreDelaying marriage is increasing in last decade, couples used to stay in a better financial position1700 Words   |  7 PagesStore is providing online shopping. In fact, Jusco Store is implementing multi-channel and social marketing, in order to cater for various needs of different market segments, expand its potential market and ultimately raise its market share. Thus, if any new department stores attempt to enter department store marketing in Hong Kong. Jusco Store will be a strong competition and good reference for marketing strategies. One-child households also indicate that lower needs for support for schools. CompetitionRead MoreCharles Chocolates Case Essay619 Words   |  3 Pagesa large market in the United States and continues to grow around 10% annually. It is also populated with very strong competitors both internationally, with companies like Godiva (Nestle), and local companies like Delice. Both competitors are priced higher than Charles and have higher sales. This is most likely because Godiva and Delice have modern trendy packaging for their products. The number and strength of competitors means that buyers have very high bargaining power, but it also means thatRead MoreGodiva Chocolatier Swot2787 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction Godiva has for a long time now being among the leading corporations in its area of expertise, chocolate. Currently, it records a sale of 500 million USD per year. It offers a very interactive, as well as customer service, where consumers are able to feel the staffs’ sincerity. Company history Godiva Chocolatier is a multinational Company that deals with manufacturing of premium chocolates and other products related to chocolates. Godiva was founded in 1926, in Belgium, but laterRead MoreRogers Chocolates1026 Words   |  5 Pagesdecreasing growth rate in the chocolate industry. Second are the changes in who buys the product and how they are used because as mentioned in the text, 20 percent of the â€Å"heavy users’ account for 54 percent of the pre-Christmas sales. Third is marketing innovation because their customers and clients had environmental concerns in bettering their packaging, procurement, and operational decisions. Fourth driving force are the entry or exit of major firms and this can been seen with companies like Hershey’s

A Research Report On The Environment - 742 Words

An accurate account of the research is presented by the central obligation of the author, as an important objective discussion. The resource has to be used wisely and economically by an author because it is a precious resource and created at significant cost. The main research report ought to include sufficient information and resource to the public to allow the peers of authors to repeat the study. The unusual materials of the samples and unavailable that are made a reasonable effort by the author, when requested; for example, microorganism strains, antibodies, clones, etc. The influential publications that are cited by authors, which are in determining the reported nature. This helps the reader to comprehend the earlier work to†¦show more content†¦The time to publish is not clear for the scientific research, and it is required from an author to timeliness and significant balance to reach at a manuscript of high-quality. When the study is done significant results, the auth or should publish it. Furthermore, the author should report not only the results that support the research, but reporting all the results. The research results, which it is important, describe accurately and fully. The scientific presentation ought to have representative data and calculations. The analyses ought to include all the data. An implicit assumption of published work is being the reproducibility of the results. All authors who ought to have done substantial and significant intellectual contributions to the study being reported (Coghill, 2006). r attribution and the contributions of others must be included with appropriate referencing by scientific publication, which is the placement between the results and context of the research field. The authors must cite the important clues and experiments. The manuscript s sections (introduction and discussion) ought to be very clear to what the others work that has contributed to the reported research. Also, when the authors present data on previously published, they ought to indicate to them. Moreover, direct quotation is exactly the same a few words from origin and must be indicated

Brand Management for Conceptual and Methodological Foundations

Question: Discuss about theBrand Management for Conceptual and Methodological Foundations. Answer: Market segmentation Market segmentation is an important aspect for any developing business as depending on the selection of the audience, targeting the audience and production positioning is determined. In case this photo, video and music editing application, the market segmentation should be properly determined as it is a new brand and hence the risk should be minimized in the initial market assessment. According to Wedel and Kamakura (2012), the three basic tricks should be implemented to decide the market segmentation such as customers needs, wants and demands. Hence, to be able to do that, segmentation should be carried out according to the demographics, behavior, geographic and psychographic segmentation. While the demographic segmentations decides the target population depending on the sex, age, family size, occupation, income and race and nationality of the customer, behavioral segmentation used young, old or mature behavior to decide the kind of market they will be targeting (McDonald and Dunbar 2012). In case of INBIZ, the behavioral market segmentation will be used as the prime function of the application is segmented within one age group of the society that uses such mobile application more than any other age group. Target Market For any successful business, it is important to select a target group to which the products will be provided as the demand for the product is higher in that segment. Therefore selection of potential target group for the business determines the target strategy of the organization and determines the success of the product as well (Harms and Schiele 2012). Hence for the INBIZ application, the younger generation, specially the one having interest in music and arts will be targeted as through this application their passion for good music and good art or photography both will be fulfilled. Further, deciding a small section from a large pool of audience will help them to focus on one market segment within a market mix, determining the growth of the business and the product (AghDaie and Alimardani 2015). This is an important aspect of INBIZ, as it will help to grow the intercommunication skill within the market and the makers of the application will be able to identify the businesses having similar needs that the INBIZ organization hopes to serve the customers. Further knowing the target population prior to production will help the authorities to decide the resources according to the need of the application (Harms and Schiele 2012). Competitive analysis Analysis of the market competition is another aspect of determining the market preferences and target audience. A detailed assessment of the market competitors strength weakness and the own companies opportunities and threats provide the business with an opportunity to develop their marketing skills and production to take an edge against their competitors (Chen 2014). In case of this INBIZ editing application, the developers should be aware of the market competitors as here are several other music and video editing applications are present within the market having a strong user base (Wedel and Kamakura 2012). Hence, using their competitors weaknesses, the INBIZ can grow their user base within the target market. References Aghdaie, M.H. and Alimardani, M., 2015. Target market selection based on market segment evaluation: a multiple attribute decision making approach.International Journal of Operational Research,24(3), pp.262-278. Chen, K.Y., 2014. Improving importance-performance analysis: The role of the zone of tolerance and competitor performance. The case of Taiwan's hot spring hotels.Tourism Management,40, pp.260-272. Harms, R. and Schiele, H., 2012. Antecedents and consequences of effectuation and causation in the international new venture creation process.Journal of international entrepreneurship,10(2), pp.95-116. McDonald, M. and Dunbar, I., 2012.Market segmentation: How to do it and how to profit from it. John Wiley Sons. McDonald, M. and Dunbar, I., 2012.Market segmentation: How to do it and how to profit from it, 4th edn, pp. 47-143, John Wiley Sons. Wedel, M. and Kamakura, W.A., 2012.Market segmentation: Conceptual and methodological foundations(Vol. 8).2nd edn, pp 134-178, Springer Science Business Media.

Management Information Systems Business Operations

Question: Discuss about the Management Information Systems for Business Operations. Answer: Introduction Technology has been in a state of development since the last decade. The business operations of the company has also been promoted and developed due to the change in information technology (Barel, Paye, Maibach, 2014). In the present business world there are number of ways by which security of information and data could be managed. Procter Gamble Company has been selected for developing ways for security of the information system. This report contributes to the analysis of the different ways the security of information system can help an organization. The methods for securing information system have been shown in this report. The Security of Procter Gamble Company has enhanced the business sense of the company. Outsourcing and Social networking services has provided platform for getting access to media news and media is capable of trolling the company. Hence it is important for forming policies to prevent security issues. Analysing Security issues for forming policies of Procter Gamble Security issues of Procter Gamble The Security is the most dominant part of information technology management. The security issues of Procter Gamble Company can be classified into two major causes outsource of information and social sites (Barel, Paye, Maibach, 2014). Outsourcing has been developed over the years in Procter Gamble. It has enhanced the business sense of the company. It involves third party for processing the hard core information of the company. Payrolls and call centres act as outsourcing sectors. Procter Gamble hands over the private and secured data to these sectors. The outsourcing companies store these data over the cloud network. The access may lead to misuse of these confidential and private data (Zhu, et al., 2016). The sensitive information like salary, manufacturing cost, taxes and many more could fall into wrong hand if proper care is not being taken. Social networking services such as twitter and Facebook has become the major source internet engaging (Achrol Gundlach, 2014). It has become the source of communication and connections among customers and Procter Gamble Company. The business operations are at great risk due to the divulging of confidential business information. The organisation has disallowed the social sites from accessing the companys resources. However the internet has provided platform for getting access to media news and media is capable of trolling the company (Zhu, et al., 2016). It is littered with stories of bullying people. Hence it is important for forming policies to prevent security issues. Principles of Securities policies Procter Gamble has to form policies and measure for securing their data and information. It is very difficult for forming means to protect and secure data and information from misuse (Achrol Gundlach, 2014). However, some principles of policies would help Procter Gamble for forming preventive measures to the security threats. They are availability, confidentiality, and integrity. Availability refers to principle of interrupted access of all the required information within the organization. Confidentiality stands for the fact that all the informational resources must be given access to only one authorised person (Wolf et al., 2015). Integrity means that the authorized person should only be allowed to modify and change the information. Threats, Vulnerabilities and Control in Procter Gamble Security issues of an organization can be dealt by understanding each of them on an individual level. They are threats, vulnerabilities and controls (Wolf et al., 2015). Threats are set of situations that could result in harming the operations of the company. Vulnerabilities are some specific weakness of the company. These weaknesses are flaws in security system, fault in designing and lack or protection. Procter Gamble would have to deal with each type these faults for forming the best possible security measures of protecting their information and data. Threats of Information system in Procter Gamble Some major threats that have crucial effect on Procter Gamble are explained below in the table. Removal Process of threat Description Interception It is the way by which external person gets in the information system of Procter Gamble. The block in network would deny the entry of person, program, or any system in information system of Procter Gamble (Lafley Martin, 2013). However the direct copying or tapping of the information could be done by intercepting the unauthorized entry with the help of fake authentication process. Modification It is a progression of the Interception part of threat resolving process. In case of unauthorised entry, the information and data stored could be tampered and changed. As for example, database modification and transmission data could be hacked and changed by the rival company of Procter Gamble (Konik, Theuer Venz, 2013). Interruption It occurs when Procter Gamble loose the access to their resources. Hardware theft and program bugging are examples of interruption in information system (Konik, Theuer, Venz, 2013). The data and information of Procter Gamble may also be deleted accidentally and it would also result in hindering the progress. Fabrication It refers the counterfeit objects within the information system of Procter Gamble. The malicious programs, bugs and spurious entry in data sheet would hinder the progress of the company. According to Yi, Smith, Ardwin, (2016), Keystroke logging is also a major cause for affecting the security system of Procter Gamble. Table1: Threats that affect Procter Gamble (Source: Lafley Martin, 2013, pp.-8) Vulnerabilities could be either technological or person dependent. In organizations, the data breach and security breaker are mostly oriented from people. It has been seen that the misuse of the resources of company or deliberate fraud to the company are the major vulnerabilities of the company (Wright, 2014). The technological vulnerabilities of Procter Gamble could be termed as the flaw in the planning and designing of the security system. It has made getting into the network of the company easy for the external people. Some examples of technological vulnerabilities include buffer overflow and denial of service. Buffer Overflow: In buffer overflow, the attackers target the application that is not multitasking (Carrie Wilshire, 2013). Hence it becomes easy to overflow the services of the application by attacking that particular application. Security controls are the methods and tools that can be used for mitigating the risk of vulnerabilities. It can be classified as detective, preventive or responsive. The presentive security control acts as a safeguard rather than detection model. Policies of Information security in Procter Gamble The policies for security of information and data in Procter Gamble have six essential components. They are objectives, audience, purpose, exceptions, policy, and disciplinary action. 1. Objectives are the clearly stated aims of Procter Gamble while forming the policies (Wright, 2014). The security of the information is the main reason behind the formation of policies. 2. Audience is used for defining the underlying scope of Procter Gamble and the audience affected by the policies. 3. Purpose has been used for noting and pointing out the reasons for the existence of policy in Procter Gamble. 4. Exceptions clearly state the terms and condition when the formed policies would cease to work. In some extreme cases these policies would not be valid for application in Procter Gamble. 5. Policy defines the actual policy that has been made up to deal with the security issues in Procter Gamble (Payaud, 2014). 6. Disciplinary actions are the set of action and consequences that one has to face if any of the policies made in Procter Gamble would be broken. Analysing ways for improving security measures in Procter Gamble Understanding the security lax: it is very important for understanding the weakness of the information system (Fang et al., 2014). If the designer does not know the errors of the design, he or she would not be able to protect their system from external hack. Hence understanding the flaws of the security system is very crucial in Procter Gamble. Prototypes of the information system design should be checked for gathering intelligence on the flaws of the design. Confidentiality of information: The information system of Procter Gamble should maintain its confidentiality for operations from external users. The computer system of Procter Gamble should maintain the protocol of authentication for allowing anyone through the security wall. The authentication process can be divided into two stages identification and authentication (Fang et al., 2014). Identification is the process by which the information system verifies that legitimate user. If anyone else would try to get into the network, the system would not allow the access to information and data. It can be done by deploying password protection and question and answer options. Business continuity assessment policy: Procter Gamble can form the business continuity assessment policy for 1. Understanding the impact of interruptions in the company 2. Calculating the tolerance of system down, on system by system basis 3. Priorities of the business at those situations 4. Resource requirements for restoring critical business process (Payaud, 2014) Sample risk assessment policy of Procter Gamble for information security Section P [Procter Gamble] Information security Effective date: Sub head Risk assessment of Information security Change controlling factor #: Policy Authentication and Password protection Approved by: Objective To control the security of information, Procter Gamble would form the authentication and password protection in the company. Purpose This policy would ensure that the information system of Procter Gamble would be limited to authorised use (Union, 2014). The risk of data breach and information infiltration could be minimized. Audience It is applicable to all the employees, customers, managers, and stakeholders of Procter Gamble. Policy The information technology team would form designs for increasing the security of the information of Procter Gamble (Li, 2014). Threats to the information system would be analysed and their probability of occurrence would be reduced. Disaster preparation would anticipate the methods for sorting the problems caused by the data leak and information misuse. Contingency planning would be helpful in forming a surrogate planning when the first plan for implementation fails to procure the desired result (Sittig, Gonzalez Singh, 2014). Exceptions None Disciplinary actions Violation of the policy would be dealt with stern and strict actions. Legal prosecution would be taken by Procter Gamble against such actions under civil and criminal laws (Li, 2014). The employees would be terminated and interns and volunteers would be dismissed from the service. Table 2: Risk assessment policy of Procter Gamble (Source: (Sittig, Gonzalez Singh, 2014, pp.- 803) Ethics, law and morality of information system in Procter Gamble It is important for maintaining the operations of the business without affecting the moral values of the company. Procter Gamble would have to maintain their information system Figure 1: Comparison of Moral and Legal activities (Source: Hubin, 2014, pp.- 89) Normative framework of business ethics in Procter Gamble The ethics refer to the science of society. It helps people for socializing and surviving among the people. It promotes the survival of culture, society, individuals, civilizations, and business (Hubin, 2014). The ethics of business consist of interactions among the firms, industries, society, individuals, and state. The ethical theory is helpful in sorting out the ethical issues of Procter Gamble that may be seen in their operations. The ethical issues of a business organization can be dealt by understanding PAPA acronym (Michael Byner, 2013). PAPA stands for privacy, accuracy, property, and accessibility. Privacy concerns with the ability for protecting their information from external. Accuracy is the concept of providing and achieving correct values and information in business operations. Property is the data and information collected by an individual. That individual would be the owner of it (Michael Byner, 2013). However in case of corporations, the company who has paid for the information could counter claim the property. Accessibility is process of making data available for all the potential users. Code of Ethics and Corporate social responsibility in Procter Gamble The recent awareness among people for the ethical issues in information system has caused growth of code of ethics or conduct or practice in them. The complete ethical treatment is used for understanding the applications of information system (Union, 2014). The society allows the existence of separate entities for the owners of Procter Gamble. The economy of the company is huge and it has caused people for expecting large from the company. CSR helps in initiating two fold aspects of strengthening the business and contributing to the society (Brief et al., 2016). Procter Gamble pursues CSR for reflecting the personal interests of senior executives. In the supply chain model, CSR participates for forming partnership with community groups. The three pronged approach of CSR are Consolidation of CSR efforts- the time of operations is limited and it is very hard to save them Understanding the benefit- Spending the time for strategising the approach Finding the partners- Selecting partners for mutual benefits Sustainability in Procter Gamble- Sustainability is very important for Procter Gamble from operational point of view (Brief et al., 2016). It involves ensuring the resources of the company. Information System governance in Procter Gamble The Chief information officer plays a crucial role for providing leadership in technology implementation and business operations in Procter Gamble. The management structure of Procter Gamble can be understood by analysing the four major Information system management structures. Figure 2: Four major Information system management structures (Source: Eddy, Gooi Chen, 2015, pp.- 33) SWOT Analysis of Procter Gamble and relating it to Security issues Figure 3: SWOT analysis of Procter Gamble (Source: Lutkenhaus de Freitas, 2016) Strength- The strengths of Procter Gamble have been greatly influenced by the Management Information system (Bull et al., 2016). The use of e-commerce and latest information system has helped them in achieving market position and brand image. However, the security flaws in their information system might cause Procter Gamble loss of a considerable amount of market name. Weakness- The information system has helped Procter Gamble in expanding their scale of operations. It has resulted in slower operations in Procter Gamble (Bull et al., 2016). Due to the use of latest information system, Procter Gamble might see data and information theft in their operations. It would cost them large amount of operational costing loss. Opportunities- The information system used by Procter Gamble have made it possible for them to grow on a global scale (Gorener, Toker Ulucay, 2012). They have acquired many opportunities for acquisitive growth in other markets. However, the diversification of their business market using information system could be hindered due to flaws in their security plans. Threats- Growth of strong competitors and retailers is the main threat to Procter Gamble (Gorener, Toker Ulucay, 2012). The retailers have started using information system for opposing the market capture of Procter Gamble. Pestle analysis of Procter Gamble Figure 5: Pestle Analysis Framework (Source: Srdjevic, Bajcetic Srdjevic, 2012, pp.-3392) Political- The political environment of Australia largely affects Procter Gamble and its business operations (McGuigan, 2015). The government provides the necessary growth and development opportunities to Procter Gamble. However, the involvement of government for deciding the prices of its commodities can affect the profit margin of Procter Gamble. Economic- Higher unemployment and recession have considerable affects Procter Gamble. The financial position of Procter Gamble can decline due to the adverse effect of economic factors such as financial crisis. Social- Social factors like needs of targeted market and development of employee welfare has considerable effect on Procter Gamble for sustaining profit (McGuigan, 2015). Procter Gamble have to take care of their customers delights and demand for achieving success in their operations. Technological- The latest technological equipment have been used by Procter Gamble in their business operations. It has helped them in increasing the functionality of their operations and getting faster results. Legal and Environmental- Procter Gamble have to abide by the laws, rules and regulations set by Australian government. The company has started recycling of their products for supporting to the environment and dealing with their problems and issues. Conclusion Hence, it can be concluded from the report that security of Information System plays a vital role for resolving the ethical, moral and law issues of an organization. Procter Gamble has implemented Business continuation risk assessment policy for dealing with the protecting their information and data. The risk management analysis, SWOT analysis and PESTLE analysis of Procter Gamble in relation to security issues had shown that security of the strategic management and information system should be followed in an organization. Therefore, the technological development has a crucial role in business development and security operations. The security of Information System has provided different types of facilities in the organization. Hence, for all the operations in any organization, information system plays an important and crucial role for meeting the needs of customer. References Achrol, R. S., Gundlach, G. T. (2014). Network organization and systems competition: A marketing analysis.The Antitrust Bulletin,59(4), 743-768. Barel, A. O., Paye, M., Maibach, H. I. (Eds.). (2014).Handbook of cosmetic science and technology. CRC Press. Brief, A., o f Conduct, C., Policy, C. S. R., Bribery, A., Policy, C., Mix, P., ... Policy, P. A. (2016). Corporate Social Responsibility.Issues. Bull, J. W., Jobstvogt, N., Bhnke-Henrichs, A., Mascarenhas, A., Sitas, N., Baulcomb, C., ... Carter-Silk, E. (2016). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats: A SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services framework.Ecosystem Services,17, 99-111. Carrie, M., Wilshire, J. C. (2013).U.S. Patent No. 8,612,650. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Eddy, Y. F., Gooi, H. B., Chen, S. X. (2015). Multi-agent system for distributed management of microgrids.IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,30(1), 24-34. Fang, F., Parameswaran, M., Zhao, X., Whinston, A. B. (2014). An economic mechanism to manage operational security risks for inter-organizational information systems.Information Systems Frontiers,16(3), 399-416. Gorener, A., Toker, K., Uluay, K. (2012). Application of combined SWOT and AHP: a case study for a manufacturing firm.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,58, 1525-1534. Hubin, D. C. (2014). Fractured fatherhood: An analytic philosophy perspective on moral and legal paternity.Journal of Family Theory Review,6(1), 76-90. Konik, R. P., Theuer, M. W., Venz, M. A. (2013).U.S. Patent No. 8,396,846. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Lafley, A. G., Martin, R. (2013). Instituting a company-wide strategic conversation at Procter Gamble.Strategy Leadership,41(4), 4-9. Li, W. (2014).Risk assessment of power systems: models, methods, and applications. John Wiley Sons. Lutkenhaus, D., de Freitas, M. N. (2016). Strategic management applied to the Six-Sigma suitability appraisal for RD in FMCG companies.Revista iPecege,2(1). McGuigan, L. (2015). Procter Gamble, mass media, and the making of American life.Media, Culture Society,37(6), 887-903. Michael, K., Byner, L. (2013). QBE's Insurance Scheme on GPS Tracking: Accuracy, Privacy, Property Accessibility. Payaud, M. A. (2014). Marketing strategies at the bottom of the pyramid: Examples from Nestl, danone, and procter gamble.Global Business and Organizational Excellence,33(2), 51-63. Sittig, D. F., Gonzalez, D., Singh, H. (2014). Contingency planning for electronic health record-based care continuity: a survey of recommended practices.International journal of medical informatics,83(11), 797-804. Srdjevic, Z., Bajcetic, R., Srdjevic, B. (2012). Identifying the criteria set for multicriteria decision making based on SWOT/PESTLE analysis: A case study of reconstructing a water intake structure.Water resources management,26(12), 3379-3393. Union, N. S. T. (2014). Code of ethics.private copy supplied by Bruce Kelloway, assistant executive director, NSTU. Ward, J., Peppard, J. (2016).The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. John Wiley Sons. Wolf, L. E., Patel, M. J., Williams Tarver, B. A., Austin, J. L., Dame, L. A., Beskow, L. M. (2015). Certificates of confidentiality: Protecting human subject research data in law and practice.The Journal of Law, Medicine Ethics,43(3), 594-609. Wright, K. (2014). Procter and Gamble and the Open Innovation Model. Yi, G., Smith, W. C., Ardwin, C. M. (2016).U.S. Patent No. 20,160,117,510. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Zhu, X., Song, B., Ni, Y., Ren, Y., Li, R. (2016). Outsourcing and CrowdsourcingFrom Building All-Round Capabilities to Outsourcing and Crowdsourcing. InBusiness Trends in the Digital Era(pp. 105-121). Springer Singapore.